Their persistence led to 16 African American men being escorted to a Great Lakes barracks, which had 16 cots, 16 footlockers and one long table with 16 chairs. Get your history fix in one place: sign up for the weekly TIME History newsletter Branham, a realtor from Cleveland, wrote Navy Secretary Frank Knox. “It seems to me that that is a very cold and ugly situation,” J. Ordinary citizens wrote their congressmen, senators, the President and his cabinet to protest a policy that deemed their sons - who were eager to enlist in the Navy - fit only to wash dishes or scrub floors. The black press, a formidable political force whose influence in the African American community was rivaled only by the church, launched the Double V campaign, telling millions of readers that a true victory for democracy would only be gained if it was won both overseas and at home. Trademarks appearing herein belong to their respective owners and no affiliation with or sponsorship by such owners is claimed.“We want democracy in Alabama, Arkansas, in Mississippi and Michigan, in the District of Columbia, in the Senate of the United States,” the NAACP editorialized in 1940.Įven after Pearl Harbor and the formal declaration of war, many African Americans found that the calls to defend democracy rang hollow, while the German talk of a superior race sounded strikingly familiar. Thus you may quote or disseminate this document in whole or part with credit to its creators but it shall not be resold or used for advertising or product endorsement purposes. Though no license to the intellectual property herein is granted, fair use is encouraged. The Department of Defense, Naval Services FamilyLine, and their respective employees and volunteers shall have no liability whatsoever for any losses that may occur as a result of applying the information contained herein. All information is provided “as is” and without warranty of any kind. While such content is believed to be of practical value, neither the Department of the Navy nor Naval Services FamilyLine make any representation as to the suitability, reliability, completeness, or accuracy of the information herein. Disclaimer: This publication is offered to you conditioned upon your acceptance without modification of the following terms, conditions, and notices: All content herein is for the user’s convenience and informational purposes only.
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